Centering-form for reinforced concrete construction.



G. B. DALE. GENTERING FORM FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 10, 1909. 1 31,479., A Patented Man-9,1915.

. e SHEETSSHEET 1.

Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mm L G. E. DALE. CENTERING FORM FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

I APPLICATION FILED FEBJO, 1909. l 1 3 1 A79.

. f G; B. DALE; GBNTERING FORM FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION PILED'PEBJO, 1909. v I

LMRA7Q, 'PatentedMar. 9, 1915.

B'SHBBT SSHEE'IT 4.

(Gm-1? E17 G. .E. DALE.

(ENTERING FORM FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

- APPLICATION FILED rmmo, 1909. 1,1 31,%?9@ Pa ented Mar. 9, 1915.

6 SHEETSSHEET 5' G. E. DALE.

GENTERING FORM FOR REINFORCED GONCRETBOONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.10, 1909. L1 31 4;? 9, Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

6 SHEETSSHEET 6.

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To all whom it may concerm- I Be it known that I, GEORGE E. DALE, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of Trenton, Mercer county,New Jersey,-

have invented certain Improvements in Centering-Forms for-ReinforcedConcrete Construction, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means employed in the erection of concretestructures, more particularly those of the monolithic type: wherein thesupporting columns, beams, ginders, walls and floors, (and loy'thelatter term I refer also to theceiling root) are composed of solidmasses of concrete reinforced bythe' usual metal rods, bars and otherreinforcing means.

In the erection of such structures, ituis' necessary to providesupporting-forms for the columns, beams, girders,vva1lsand floors;

and at the present time wood is the agent usually employed; a conditiondoubtless due to its relative eheapness and comparativeease of fittingandv manipulation to eflect the desired results. Practice has demonstrated, however, that wooden forms cannot withstand damage incident toconstant change and removal, and thatthey are, therefore, in the endhighly expensive.

There is also more or less difficulty infitting wooden forms to meetcertain exigencies in the erection of monolithic structures, notahly atthe points where the floors are to be combined with beams and girders. Afur- .35 ther disadvantage is the necessity of maintaining the entirecentering with its shoring or supporting means iii-place until theconcrete has set to the required degree of hardness. All or theseobjectionable features 40 I desire to overcome, and I propose tosulbstitute for the wooden centering usually employed, a special form ormetal centering combined with means for rendering such centeringadjustableand at the same time availablefor the various uses necessaryinthe erection of concrete buildings. The several features of centeringconstruction and supporting means therefor embodyin my invention arefully shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a perspective view, showing my improved metallic centers inposition for the formationof a concrete beam or girder and floor, in a:solid mass; Fig. 2, is a, plan; v ew of a port on ofra building showingthe metallic centering forming the subject of my inventionset in placein one part of such view, and the staging for supporting-the same, shownin another part of such view; Fig; 3,. is'a sectional view of thecentering girder: centering and the floor centering dis posedadgacentthe same and at right angles thereto, after the concrete has beenpom-ed;

'Figs. 4 and 5, are sectional views of the floor-centering on the line19-71, Fig. 2, showing the staging or supporting means therefor, theconcrete having been poured; Flg. 5, showing the floor slab after themetal centering hasheen removed; such slab being supported by shoringindependent 0fthe -si oringd or supporting the meta! centering; Fig. 61salsectional view of the centering for-the beam or girder,- showing alsotheciamping means for such centering and the independent supportingmeans or shoring for, the centering and the girder; Figs. 7, 8

and '9, are views illustrating modified forms of centering for floorslab construction;

Fig. 10, is a sectional view of a floor slab poured upon a metalcentering embodying .my invention, showing the use of-a bridging pieceto-reduce the number of concrete '3' oists when the floor slabs arerelatively light;

vI igs. 1l'to;18, both inclusive, are views illustrating various formsof metallic centering and accessories iilustrating various modifi- Inproviding supporting or centering means for concrete construction, mypurpose istwo-fold: first, that it be of the mostsub stantial characterpossible, and second, that it be so-arranged as to be capable of remor-al very soon after the initial setting of the concrete. The supportingmeans for such centering-and concrete are duplex'in; character;

Spfifinafipn-0fLetterS3Patenfi Patented Mar..9,.19i5. epplieafion-filedFebruary10,1909. e l-misusin ,onthe line a--a, Fig. 2, showing the beamor designed to support the forms only, independent of any concrete whichmay be sub-- sequently poured upon such centering, and

independent shoring to take the load of concrete poured upon and shapedby such centering. In arranging this staging, I first erect supports orshores for the girder or beam "centering extending between the columns,and these supports will range in par: allel lines at the properdesignateddistance apart. Inext arrange the supports or shores for thefloor centering; such shores belng disposed in lines between therows ofcolumns and the floor centering is laid thereon at right angles to .thegirder or beam centering. I then provide supports or shores to take theweight of the concrete, and these latter supports are arranged beneathspacing or filling members disposed between the sections of centeringfor both beams or girders and floors and are designed to support thegreater weight of concrete while it is being poured and the full weightafter the centers have been removed.

The centering for floor slab construction made in accordance with myinvention, consistsof metallic channel members 1 having relativelyparallel walls 2, connected, in the preferred form, by an arched top 8,integral with said walls; and the latter having, in most instances, sideprojections 4, usually horizontally disposed, extending the full lengthofthe channel members. These centers or forms may be of variouscontours, preserving the general design described.

They may be arched from the projecting ledges. 4: in full curves; theymay be pro vided with fiat tops joining the side walls and curve butslightly at the bend; they may be made in sections joined at the top;the-projecting ledges may be omitted; they may beof substantially flatchannel sections, and they may be of built up sections.

. These centering members are in various lengths as may be desired, andthey are of such proportion with relation to each other that othersections of the same contour may be telescoped therewith for the purposeof spanning the distance between beams or girders. .When in use thecentering forms are supported upon suitable shoring timbers. When two ormore sections are necessary to span a given distance, their joint willbe properly shored to insuresupport of the floor. These center forms maybe laid in such manner, shown, for instance in Figs. 10 and 12, thatwhen removing the centering sections, the alternate ones may be firstdislodged and then the others. To accomplish this result, the forms maybe laid so that the projecting ledges of every other one will lie on topof the adjacent members, with the ledges of. saidadjacent membersbeneath those of the others; such arrangementpermitti'ng the removal ofthe form sections whose ledges are lowermost. I prefer; however toprovide the forms with narrow proj ecting ledges 4, as shown in Figs. 1,4, 5, et seq., andto provide for-the full width of the joists whichwillbe formed-by the concrete poured between the side walls of thecentering r'orms, by the use of spacing members 6 resting on. saidledges i; As usually employed, it is desirable to make the centeringforms or sections of standard dimensions in substantially the.proportions indicated in the drawings. It will be understood, how--ever, that in many instances it may be desirable-to provide a floor orceiling having joists 'considerably less in'depth than that provided bythe centering, .and to accomplish this result I may employ filling meansshown in several of the views of the drawings. In the broadestembodiment of my invention, such means comprise filling members 6 ofregular thickness which may be placed in the space between the verticalwalls of adjacent centering forms, shortening the depthof the same totheextent of the filler and thereby decreasing the depth of the joistswhich would be formed by concrete entering said spaces- While sucharrangement may be employed with the form of centering show-n in Figs.10 and 12, such centering would have to remain in place until theconcrete has set to the desired degree. In. order that my improvedcentering may be rendered of much greater value and capable of repeateduse on the same job, without the necessity of leaving it in place forthe full setting period of the concrete, I prefer a form of structurewherein the side projections of the centering members are comparativelynarrow and serve to support a filling or spacing member 6 to form thebottom of the mold or form to receive the concrete, such members beingshored from below by independent supporting means and bearing the weightof the concrete deposited upon the'centering.

In the erection of floors relatively light, it may be unnecessary to"provide the joists. which are formed by the concrete between the sidewalls of the centering, and for such purpose I may employ channelsections 1 such as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. In the use of such centeringit will be desirable to stiffen the centering and for this purpose theflanges of the channelsare apertured to receive stiffening bars 7, whichare preferably' held tightly in place by means of wedges 8. Betweenadjoining channels,

spacing or bridging plates 6 will be emlSO anemic between the sidewallsof the centering being supported initially by the shoring forsaid'centering and subsequently by the independent shores which take theweight of the concrete. Under noror ceiling isof relatively lightconstruction, however, it is, ssible to omit several of said joists,andin Fig. 10, I have illustrated a construction in -which the torms arebridged by a fiat metal plate 6? which serves to supportthe concrete andmay be removed the usual manner. With such arrange- 1 went, it will bepossible to shore. the plate independently of the shoring for the archedmetal forms so the latter may be removed without aflecting the shoringunderlying the joists and supporting the greater weight of the wholefloor.-

In Fig. 11, I have shown the projecting ledges 4 at the lower portionsthe side. walls as provided with turned up flanges 4 which support thespacing or filling mem hers and serve to decrease the depth of thejoists. I I

Fig. 12, shows the of centering WIth laTpping ledges, and 'a series ofmembers supported thereby. This view also shows wire ties 9 embedded inthe concrete and designed .to be subsequently used to secure-metallath'ing to sand joists for re- .ceiving ceilingplaster. The wire tiesare disposed in apertures in theispacing meme bEIS :6. p I- a Fig. 1 3,shows a .form of centering in which the ledgesor flanges 4 of thechannel members forming the centering are turned,

inwardly. In this instance the side walls of the channel members areinclined and the filling members are wedge-shaped.

When center forms of the arched type are employed, it is desirable tohold the side while that shown at "12, is of the screw type.

' It may desirable to give the side :walls of the centering forms .a'slight inward bend as shown in Fig. 15, and hold them out to the desired'shapefby means of such clamps; the bend so given tending to cause the'form to spring away from the concrete. after-the clamps have beenremoved and "it is desired to remove the centering. In other instances,1 may apply wires 13 between the side walls of the centers, such asshown in Figs.

.1126 and 17, which upon twisting will tend to pull said walls togetherand permit the re-' ,moval of the same. In other instances, it may bedesirable to employ braces 14 lying 'tion of the section. With themisemployed have shown several between the side walls of the individualcenter fprms insteadof the clamps engaging the side walls ofxadjacentforms, such braces being shown in Fig, 17. This figure also shows thewires 13, and the braces 14 maybe hung from said wires 13 by supports15, as indicated.

In order to form with the floor slabs the integral beams-or girders Iprovide centering forms for the latter, which are clearly shown in Figs.1, 3 and 6. Indie present instance, the girder centering consists ofmetal members 16, substantially L-shaped in cross section; the lowerportion of such members having inwardly disposed ledges or flanges 4 tosupport filling or spacing members 6 which are shored independently ofthcgirder dr beam centering. The girder or beam centerin may be made instandard lengths and may lapped when a plurality of sections arenecessary to span the distance between columns. The spacing or fillingmembers forming the bottoms of the girder or beam molds are supportedand shored in a manner precisely similar to that indicated with respectto the floor centering. When constructing the floor and beam or girder,it is necessary, of course, that the concrete for the floor, and itsjoists when the latter form part of the same,-shall flow and become integrally connected with the concrete of the girdeqand hence itisnecessary to provide means whereby the ends of the floor centers may befilled to prevent the escape of concrete, such filling means to be of"suflicient strength and resistance as to support such concrete whenithas been poured into place and in Figs. 1, a, 6,18,19, 2o, 21 and 22,i

this result. I

In Figs. 1, 3 and 6 I have shown a filler for the ends ofthe cor.centers, consisting of aplate-IZ, of substantially the same contour as*saidfloor centers. IThis plate may be secured'in p'osition in manyways, but I have'shown it as provided with a plurality ofclamping'portions 18, which embrace the upper portion, ofthe girdercentering and the "support -for"the' same, such clamping into the forms,the latter may be provided with projections 19, in the top wall of thesame, formed by slitting and bending down a-portion of the. metal,as'show-n in Fig. 1. In lieu of this the ends of the forms may beprovided with angle members 19 as shown in i3, 16, 19 351310122.

Another manner "of accomplishing the desiredresnlt is to fill the endsof the iloor centering with a sectional member such as is shown in'Fig.18. This comprises members 20, hinged at 21 and filling the curvedporbraced by a Wedging member 22 which may be held in place b a bolt 23.J These filler blocks are prefer-a ly of a removable typelin order thatthey may be dislodged prior to other portions of the structure, and ifdesired, they may cap the arched center's 'and be removed with the same.In all instances they must be so connected to the floor centers as toresist the flow of the concrete through the ends of thesame, and to bereadily removable permitting the dislodgment of the several metal forms.In some instances it may be desirable to form the girdercentering withprojections in line with the floor centering and over which the lattermight-fit, but'as this construction demands perfect correlation betweenthe beam centering and the floor ceng tering, it tends to destroycomplete ada'pta: bility of the structure forming the subject of myinvention, and hence I do not prefer to use the same. In other instancesit may be desirable to rabbetfthe ends of the floor centering andcombine-the same with, a

modified form of girder centering. In such instance I arrange the floorcenters as shown in Figs. 20 and 21, the tops of such centers being cutand split in the manner shown so as to lap and form a substantiallyhorizontal portion 24, the parts of which may be riveted together. Theotherwise open ends of this form of center will have filling blocks orplates 17 to prevent the flow ofv concrete In addition to the centeringforms for the floor and the beams or girders, it is necessary to providecentering for the lintels of the building, such structures being thoseportions of the outer walls between the col umns. The arrangement of thecentering for this purpose is fully shown in Fig. 22. One side of suchcentering consists substantially of one of the beam or girder forms orcenters, suitably shored and having the ends of the fioor centersresting thereon. The usual fillingmember for the end of the fioorcenterin will be combined with such lintel form. n the outer side of*the lintel a metal plate will be mounted which will be a metal bracket25, carried by the shoring timbers. formed will be closed by a fillingor spacing member 6, independently shored as described.- In thisinstance, as in all the other forms of the centering described andillustrated, the filling or spacing members may rest directly upon theledges 4 01- 4 of the centering sections, or upon spacing strips carriedby said ledges.

The centering for the floors, beams, girders and lintels before referredto is to be supported by suitable staging or shoring, which may beadjustable in height and is preferably braced at intervals in order that-it may be completely self-supporting. In

the arrangement of this staging, I proceed to erect supports for thegirder or beam cen- The bottom of the lintel.

tering extending between the columns, and these supports will range inparallel lines at the proper designated distance apart. Such supportswill consist of uprights carrying short cross-pieces 31 at the upperends set at right angles thereto and designed to support. the lowerportion of the girder or beam'cencross pieces of the uprights while theupper projection is supported by the longitudinal members carried by theupper end of the angle struts.

When it is desired to form a beam or girder for use with a floor, roofor ceiling, I provide a supporting structure of the character shown inFigs. 1 and 3. In this structure, I provide the shoring just described;

The longitudinal supporting members,v 33 running'the length of the floorsection to be built also receive the ends of the floor centering forms.Disposed at right angles to the floor centering and carried by thelongitudis nal members 33Y as well as'the cross-pieces 31 are the angleplates 16 which serve as a combined support and form for the beam orgirder to be poured. The lower inner edges of these members 16 haveinwardly projecting portions 4 upon wl iich I may mount r stripssupporting a fillingmember 6. Such filling member is shoredindependently of the centering members 16 so'that if it is 'desired toremove said latter members, together with the floor centers or supportsat any time prior to the final setting or hardening of the concrete, itmay be. done without affecting the actual support of the beam. Inerecting the shoring, I employ self-supporting 'removable base members35, which, may be temporarily secured to the uprights 30, by means ofmetal straps 36, and when two rows of said uprights have beenerected'the proper distance apart, they may be connected together andbraced bysuitable cross members diagonally placed, after which the basesmay be removed and employed for the erection of a further set of shoringuprights.

Between each set of beam centering forms the centering forms for thefloor slabs are -mounted, and these maybe in sections extending the fulllength between beams or in menace for the beam forms. The verticalmembers of the shoring may he provided with sleeves 37 forming socketswhich may be slidable with respect thereto and supported by pins 38passing through said vertical members, or

the sockets may be fixed. Below the socket portion a section 39 isprovided which determines the actual height of the shore; such sectionbeing out before use so that its length combined with the upper portionofthe vertical support will be suilicient' to fill the desired distancebetween the base and the under side of the bottom of the beam or girderform. To support the centerin I may employ uprights 40 having slo tedmetal caps 41, as fully shown in Fig. 23, to

receive a board 42 set edgewise, which board may be of a dimensionsubstantially one inch by six inches, or any other convenient sizeavailable. These centering supports or forms will be disposedintermediate the supporting means for the spacing or filling membersunderlying the joists, and independently: of the latter, so that whenremoved the metal forms can be removed without interfering with thespacing support which sustain the load of concrete.

As before indicated and as shown in the drawings, the filling or spacingmembers 6 forming the bottom of the joist molds of the,

floor centering are disposed between the side walls of the sections ofsuch centering. These supports may be metal sheets or boards, andwhen itis desired to shorten the depth of the joist, a number of fillingmembers may be placed at this point to cut down the amount of concreteemployed. The sup ports for these spacing members will consist ofuprights 45 carrying at their upper ends cross pieces 46 disposed inline with said supporting spacing members, and by preference I employmetal members secured to the upper endsof said uprights and they may beof a length not less than two feet, or any other suitable lengthdesired, although their length will depend very largely upon the widthof the well between the girders. By

' this arrangement, the metal centering forms,

nominally supporting by far the lesser bulk of the concrete, may beremoved after two or three days; the shoring 45 beneath the filling orspacing members underlying the joists being left in place until theconcrete sets, and the metal forms thus removed may be employed foranother portion of the floor or another structure without the long waitusually necessary when wooden forms with the usual shoring are employedwhich must remain in place the full period.

The members forming the several shoring uprights areconnected togetherby sleeves, which may be permanently secured to one portion of suchuprights or detachably held by meansof pins. The board or supportingmember 42 carried by the metal caps may also be temporarily securedthereto by re movable pins; such connections facilitating the removal ofsuch shoring. The shoring for the beam and girder forms may be boltedtogether, if desired; such bolts being readily removable .when thecentering is to be re- I moved. It will be understood that all of theshoring is in place before the concrete is poured so that in removingthe shoring for the centering and subsequently the centering itselfthere will be no disturbance of the shoring underlying the beams orgirders, or

the lintels and the joists of the floor slabs. Inthe erection ofmonolithic structures, it is, of course, understood that the walls andcolumns .will be joined integrally with the floors, beams and girders,and in a companion application filed February 10, 1909, Serial No.477,048, I have shown the further embodiment of my-invention consistingof column and wall supports of metal, preferably of channel shape,strengthened and reinforced and adjustable for various purposes. Theseforms will be available for use with the beam or girder and floorcentering monolithic structures.

Although I have described the use of wooden timbers for the purpose ofproviding shoring for supporting the centering structures, it will beobvious that I may employ tubular or semi-tubular supports of metal,preferably telescoping, with pins or other means whereby they may beadjusted vertically and held when so adjusted. In the use of' such metalsupports,-- I may employ tension rods or cords connectedto the floor atone end and connected at regular intervals to said supports, such staysrunning in both directions so that the members forming the supports willbe maintained in proper vertical position with respect to any and allforms of centering which they support. It will be understood, of course,that these metal members may carry the metal cap pieces beforedescribed, in the one instance to support the spacing members beneaththe joists, and in in order to effect the formation of integral,

the other instance to support the notched or channel.

adjacent members, clamps in engagement 'With said side Walls forretaining the spacingmeans in place, and independent supports for saidspacingmeans.

5. Centering for concrete floor and ceiling construction, comprisingflanged members having substantially horizontal portions between saidflanges, said members being spaced apart, supports for said flangedmembers, bridging pieces overlying the spaces between said flangedmembers, and independent supports for said'bridging pieces.

6. Centering for concrete construction, comprising metallic girder formsspaced apart and presenting T-shaped spaces when set in place,lateral-flanges carried by said girder forms,filling pieces mounted onsaid flanges,separable bottoms mounted on said filling pieces, supportsfor the girder forms, and independent supports for said bottoms. 7.Centering for concrete construction, comprising metallic girder formsmade up of a pair of integral angled members spaced apart and presentingT-shaped spaces when set in place, lateral flanges carried by saidgirder forms, filling pieces mounted on said flanges, separable bottomsmounted on said filling pieces, supports for the girder forms,

1 independent supports for said bottoms, and

floor centering disposed at right angles to.

said girder forms and having its ends supported by the same.

8. Centering for concrete girder, floor and ceiling construction,comprising metallic members substantially L-shaped in cross section,lateral flanges carried by the lower part of said L-shaped members,bottom pieces serving as spacing'and filling members mounted on saidflanges, supports forsaid l.-shaped forms, independent supports for thebottom pieces, metallic floor or ceiling forms having their ends mountedon said L-shaped members and disposed sub stantially at right angles tothe latter, and independent supports for said floor or ceiling forms. 7

9. Centering for concrete girder, floor and ceilingconstruction,comprising metalforthe ends of said channel forms clamped lic girderforms substantially lL-shaped in cross section and spaced apart,-supports for the same, filling pieces disposed between the substantiallyvertical Walls of said l.=-sh'aped members, independent supports forsaid filling pieces, channel sections forming floor or ceiling form'sdisposed at right angles to the girder forms and having their endsmounted on the latter, and filling pieces to-tlie 'rder fornis.---

10.- entering for concrete. girder, floor and ceiling construction,comprising metallic girder forms substantially EL-shaped in crosssection and spaced apart, supports for the same, filling pieces disposedbetween the substantially vertical Walls of said L-shaped' members,independent supports'for said fil'lingpieces, channel sections formingfloor or ceiling forms disposed at right angles to the girder forms andhaving their ends mounted'on the latter,

fillingpieces for the ends of said channel forms clamped to the girderforms, and means carried by said channel sections to brace the upperends of said filling pieces.

11. Removable centering for concrete floor orceili'ng andbeam'c'onstruction, comprising arched metallic members of unitarysection transversely, spacing members supported between the side wallsof adjacent metallic members, shoring for the metallic members, shoringfor the spacing members disposed independently of the shoring for themetallic members, the latter being independently removable, a pluralityof angle members of unitary section transversely forming beam moldsdisposed at right angles to the metallic members and supporting one endof'the latter, and filling means for the ends of the arched metallicmembers prising arched metallic members of unitary section transversely,spacing'members supported between the side walls of adjacent metallicmembers, shoring for the metallic members, shoring for the spacingmembers disposed independently of the shoring for the metallic members,the latter being independentlyremovable, a plurality of angle members!of unitary section transversely forming beam molds disposed at rightangles to the metallic members and supporting one end the latter,filling means for the ends of the arched metallic members, and clampsfor securing said filling means in place whereby a completely closedcentering form is provided for the molding of a floor or ceiling slaband beam in a solid monolithic mass.

13. Centering for concrete floor and beam constructlo'n, comprlsmgarched metallic members formlng floor forms, sa1d members havingprojectin flanges, spacing members mounted on sai flanges, arched,metallic members, ing for the spacing members, and metal caps carried bythe shoring for the spacing members, the shoring for the metallicmembersbeing removable to permit their withdrawal shoring for the while theshoring for the spacing members is maintained in place and supports thefloor during the period of setting.

14. Centering for concrete floor and. beam construction, comprisingarched metallic members forming floo'r forms, said n1embers havingprojecting flanges, spacing members supported by sa1d flanges, shoringfor posed at right angles to the metallic floorthe metallic members,shoring for the spacing members mounted independently of the shoring forthe metallic membersyangle sections forming beam molds and supports-dissupports and arranged to support one end of the same, filling meansfor the ends of the metallic floor supports whereby the floor slab andbeam may be molded in a solid monolithic mass, and means carried by thefloor forms for engaging said filling means.

15. Centering for concrete floor and beam independent shon,

construction, comprising arched metallic members forming floor forms,spaclng members mounted between said arched metallic members, shoringfor the metallic members, shoring for the spacing members mountedindependently of the shoring for the metal- 7 lie members, anglesections forming beam 1 for the beam molds or forms, and independentshoring for the spacing meansdisposed between the same.

16. The combination with arched metallic members forming centeringsupports for the same, of a plurality of-filling members disposedbetween the side walls of said metallic members, and independentsupports for said filling members. I

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, GEO. E. DALE.

Witnesses:

MURRAY 0. Berna, J 0s. H. KLEIN.

